Post COVID-19 Vaccination Side Effects and Associated Factors Among Vaccinated Clients in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia.

Introduction: The lack of local side effect profiles for vaccines could hinder vaccination uptake. Since all COVID-19 vaccines are brand-new medications, it is crucial to keep track of any safety related concern. Objective: This study is aimed to investigate post-vaccination side effects of COVID-19 vaccines and associated factors in Bahir Dar city. Method: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among vaccinated clients. A simple random and a systematic random sampling method were used to select the health facilities and the participants, respectively. Bi-variable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were executed with odds ratio at 95% confidence intervals at p < .05. Results: A total of 72(17.4%) participants reported at least one side effect following vaccination. The proportion prevalence was higher after the first dose than that of the second dose and the difference was also found to be statistically significant. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis female participants (AOR = 3.39, 95% CI = 1.53, 7.52), participants with a history of regular medication use (AOR = 3.34, 95% CI = 1.52, 7.33), participants aged 55 and above (AOR = 2.93, 95% CI = 1.23, 7.01), and participants who had taken only the first dose (AOR = 14.81, 95% CI = 6.40, 34.31) were more likely to develop side effects for COVID 19 vaccination compared to their counterparts. Conclusion: A significant number (17.4%) of participants reported at least one side effect following vaccination. Sex, medication, occupation, age, and type of vaccination dose were factors statistically associated with the reported side effects.

Multidisciplinary Effort and Integrative Preparedness: A Lesson for the Foreseen Multivariate COVID-19 Pandemic Flare-Up.

It has been a year and a half since the world suffered the horrific COVID-19 pandemic which has still continued becoming a prominent headache for the whole world. Recently, we are facing the second and third wave of multivariate outbreaks with great intensity of transmission which renders huge disaster. Presently, new strains of the virus are emerging that are predicted to be resistant for the current vaccines and other management approaches. It needs collaborative and coordinated role at professional, facility, regional, and global levels to ameliorate the pandemic by monitoring the existing and emerging variants. This review addressed the multidisciplinary roles in patient screening and detection, emergency management, moderate and critical care, vaccination, complication prevention, comorbidity management, psychological therapy, and digital health care. The inevitable roles of academicians, researchers, private health sectors, policy makers, regulatory bodies, and partners are also discussed.

Could Nanotechnology Help to End the Fight Against COVID-19? Review of Current Findings, Challenges and Future Perspectives.

A serious viral infectious disease was introduced to the globe by the end of 2019 that was seen primarily from China, but spread worldwide in a few months to be a pandemic. Since then, accurate prevention, early detection, and effective treatment strategies are not yet outlined. There is no approved drug to counter its worldwide transmission. However, integration of nanostructured delivery systems with the current management strategies has promised a pronounced opportunity to tackle the pandemic. This review addressed the various promising nanotechnology-based approaches for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of the pandemic. The pharmaceutical, pharmacoeconomic, and regulatory aspects of these systems with currently achieved or predicted beneficial outcomes, challenges, and future perspectives are also highlighted.

Impact of COVID-19 on Pharmaceutical Care Services and the Role of Community Pharmacists: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study in Ethiopia.

OBJECTIVES: The current study aimed at assessing the impact of COVID-19 on pharmaceutical care services and the role of community pharmacists. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1st to June 7, 2020, on community pharmacies in Bahir Dar and Gondar cities, Ethiopia. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were conducted. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance at a 95% Confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: A total of 101 community pharmacies were approached (one pharmacist per pharmacy), and 80 of them had completed the survey. From the total pharmacies, 78.8% of them had encountered a shortage of pharmaceutical products. Chi-square test revealed that there was a significant difference (P = 0.036) in the shortage of personal protection equipment between Gondar and Bahir Dar cities. Face mask 55 (77.4%) followed by hand glove 15 (21.1%) were the most commonly reported personal protective equipment's in short supply. CONCLUSION: Strategies should be in place to improve the availability and affordability of various essential pharmaceuticals to mitigate the spread of the disease and prevent other complications.